Tool bit grinding machine



Feb. 5, 1946. A. P. POLLARD TOOL BIT GRINDING MACHINE Filed Jan. ll, 1944 7&5

(20125 LCM 11W/Emmi.256

Patented Feb. 5, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT GFFICE ToonBI'rGRINDING MACHINE Aloysious P. Pollard, Highland Park, Mich.

Appiieatin'Januar'yii,1944, seriaiNo. 517,817

2 claims.

This invention relates to machine toolsand more particularly to an improved grinder for shaping tool bits and other elements having angularly related surfaces.

Heretofore it has been virtually impossible to by angularly disposed side walls of the ksame or different angular inclinations.

A further object of the invention resides vin the development of an improved method of shaping tool bits and other elements having true radial surfacesbounded by angularly disposed side walls wherein the element is positioned angularly to provide side Walls of the desired angular relation and is guided in the plane of the required radius.

Another object is to provide a grinding tool having vertically spaced angularly adjustable members rotatably mounted relativeto each other, and a Work supporting member angular-ly adjustable in a different planemounted on the upper member whereby a piece of work may be moved relative to a grinding wheel to form a generally conical shaped'radial surface of any desired angularity on a piece of work mounted on the work supporting member.

A further object is to provide an improved grinder `having a work V supporting member mounted on oppositely disposed angularly adjustable members and adapted to oscillate about a vertical axis to engage a cutting wheel to provide the work with a radial surface determined by the distance of the cutting wheel from the vertical axis, and to form angularly inclined side walls of the same or different angular inclinations on the work determined by the setting of the angularly adjustable supports.

Another object of the invention is to provide animproved grinder for shaping angularly related male or female surfaces. i

Still a further object is to provide a vmetal shaping machine having a plurality of adjustments in the longitudinal plane of the element to be shaped when in a neutral position and an adjustment substantially at rightangles thereto description considered in connection with the ac- V companying drawing, submitted Vfor Apurposes of illustration only, and not intended to define the scope ofthe invention, reference being had Afor that purpose to the subjoined claims.

In the drawing wherein similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views: y

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a tool bit illustrating the desired curvature. v

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the tool bit illustrated in Fig. 1. Y Y

Fig. 3 is a front end elevation of the bit illustrated in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a side elevational view, partly in section, of .a grinder embodying the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an end elevation of the grinder taken from the left hand end of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Before explaining in. detail the present invention it is to be understood that lthe invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and arrangement of partsv illustrated in the accompanying drawing, since the invention is capable of other embodiments and of .being practiced or carried out in various ways.

. Also it is to =be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation.

Referring now to Figs. 1 to 3 it will be noted that a tool-bit Ill is provided with a radial cutting or end portion I2, As illustrated at Fig. 2 the front end of the bit is relieved angularly as'illustrated at I4, and the side walls are tapered angularly as illustrated at I6 and I8 in Fig. 3. In certain types of tool bits it is desirable in order to [prevent heating ofthe tool and to provide proper clearance that the angularly disposed side walls I6 and IB be formed at diierent angular relations relative to the neutral vertical axis of the bit. For exampleV it may be desirable that the angularly related' surface IB be approximately two degrees and that the angularly related surface I8 be. approximately three degrees.

, A grinder capable of readily forming true ra'-l dial surfaces bounded by angularly disposed side walls of the desired angular curvature interconnected throughout by true radial surface is illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5. A base 20 is provided with an arcuate shaped support 22 adapted to receive a member 24 having an arcuate shaped lower portion 26 contoured to be received by the arcuate shaped support 22.

Spaced graduations 28 are formed in one 0f the side walls of the arcuate shaped support 22. An indicator 28 carried by the member'24 is provided to registerwith the graduations 28 to. per,- mit setting the. membe1z24 in any desired angular relation relative to the arcuate shaped portion 22 of the base 20. ber 24 may be moved to any desired adjusted position by means of a lead screw 30 journaled inv a pivoted block 32 carried by theimember 24 and extending through a threadedblock 34 journaled ing member |22 having spaced work engaging The arcuate shaped meml jaws |24 and |26 mounted on suitable spaced ways |28 Yand |30 and actuated by a lead screw |32 actuated. by a handle |34. The. work holding visey is of. the self-centering type wherein actuation of the handle |34 moves the jaws |26 and |26 equal distances in opposite directions.

Y In the operation of this device the tool bit or other element l0 to be operated upon is clamped between the. jaws |24 and |26 of the self-centen.

p ing vise by actuation of the handle |34. The face on the arcuate shaped portion 22 ofv the base 20.

The lead screw 30 may be actuated by a hand'` wheel 36 to move the members to the desired anguiarrelation. Spaced clamps 30 actuated by bolts 40 projecting into the arcuate shaped` member 24 may be provided toreleasably clamp vthe members in any; desired adjusted position.

A slide` 42l is mounted on# the arcuate shaped member 24 and is movable longitudinally thereof on suitable waysv 44 interposed betweenV the slide 42 and the top surface of the arcuate shaped member- 24. The-slide may be actuated bythe lead screw 45- controlled by a handwheel 46 to move it to any desired-adjusted position determined byV an indicator 48A movable over graduations 50 formed in the top portion of the-arcuate shaped member 24.

A rotatable table 52 is mounted4v on theslide 42 by means of suitable journalv box 54'. lSpaced bearings 56 may be interposed between the rotatable table 52 and the slide 42' to facilitate rotation or oscillation of the table on.` the slide. If desired a screw 58 threaded through the table 52- and provided with a handle' 60 may be provided to urge a pad 62 into engagement with the surface of the slide'42to lockthe table 52 against rotation. 'Y A Another slidel |54- mountedonsuitable ways 66 interposedA between the'rotatable table' 52 and the slide 64 may be provided to permitv longitudinal movementofthe slide 64 byfactuationfof a-handle 68 to move Van'V indicator |01 along graduations 1K2 to permit settingv ofthe slide A64 in any-desired adjusted position relative' tothe aXis-`T3 of the rotatable table 52. j I

` A member 80'having air arcuatev shaped base 82'is provided to contact an arcuate shaped top portion 84 of the member64 to effect al desired angular adjustment of thetool carrying member relative tothe axis 13' of rotation ofthe rotatable table 52. One ofY a pair of spacedA clamps 90 carried by the. member 80 is provided with an indicator 92 adapted to'move relative to graduations 94 on the member |54v to provide-desired anguiar adjustment of the member 80 relative to the member 64, upon actuationofa control mem ber 88.

The member 80. is provided with` a portion |00 adapted to receive a member .|02 having an arcuate shaped bottom portion |04 adapted to seat against an arcuate shaped upper portion |06 0f thejportion |00 ofthe member 80 to be moved to any. desired adjusted position thereon by" means of lead screw |08 actuated by a handlel |09'. The lead screw |08 isjournaled in a pivotedl blcclrv 0 carried by the Vportion |001 and is journall'ed" in a block |12, journalled in the member |02. One of a pair of spaced clamps ||4' isprovided'with of the tool to be formed is brought into contact with thev surface of a cutting wheel |36 mounted on a shaft |38, and the angularly movable portions of" the grinder are adjusted toprovide the necessary angular adjustments. to hold the end of thev element |0 relative to the cutting wheel |36 to insure the desiredV movement of the element i0 relative to the cutting wheel. Thecutting wheel |36 is then rotated at' high speed and the rotatabletable 52` is oscillated on its'axis 'i3 to move the front end of` the bit in the required plane to form a desired contour on thefend of the bit.

The radius |2iof'the tool bit or other element |0 is determined by the distance of theend or the bit |0 in contact'with` thesurface of-theecutting'fwheel |36-from the axis '|3. Ther-furtherithe front end of the bit contacts'the outting--wheelito the right of-` the axis 13', the larger-will-fbe the radius of the curvature formedy onthe fbit. Conversely by moving the point of contact of the endof the bit and thecutting wheel tov the left of4v the air-i513; as viewed in- Fig. 4, slots may be out in the end of the lbit or other work. The radius of the vslot may be varied by changing thev distance of the l point of contact to-the left of' the axis '|3. Thefurther'the axis is moved tothe left the larger willbe the radius of'- the slot. It will be understood that thecutting Wheel |36l must bef of less diameter than the slot to be'cut. Y

kAs an 'example or the setting of the various scales, to provide thedesired angularity ofthe various portionsof'the tool bit or article |0-illus trated in Figs. l to 3; assume that it isdesired to shape thebit with* aY two `degree olearance'angle on the side I6 and with a three degree clearance angle' Hi as viewedA` in Fig. 3. Thesetwo angles are added together giving-` a total of iive` degrees. This total is divided by half', and the arcuate shaped'member'24 is moved relativeg tothe con toured portion 22v of the base 201by operation or the hand' wheel 36 to'set the indicator 2-9-opposite the twol and one-half degree graduation ofthe scale 284 in the directionJ of the arrow |40 extending'to theright; vAssume that the clearance angle I4 o-nthefront end off the bit as illustrated in Fig. 2 is'ten degrees. The two and one-half degree setting ofV the -baseshould'` besubtracted from the desired tendegree'clearanceangle leaving a desired angle of` seven and one-halfdegrees. The member' 80`shouldbe moved by'actuation of the hand wheel 08- to set` the indica`- tor 92 opposite the seven2 and one-half degree graduation Vof the scale 94- in the direction of thearrow |42. Y.

To obtain` the different side angleclearances atl |6= and'- |8loi two degrees ontheleftandl` three degrees on the right of the bit as viewed in Fig. 3, the smaller angle is subtracted from the larger angle giving a result of one degree. This gure is divided by half giving a desired reading of onehalf degree. The member 62 is moved on the portion mi) of the member 8@ by operation of the handle IBB to set the indicator H6 opposite the one-half `degree graduation in the direction of the arrow Md as illustrated in Fig. 5.

The adjustment for the desired radius I2 of the tooling bit or other article lll is, as indicated above, obtained by projecting the end of the tool bit beyond the axis of rotation 13 oi the rotatable table. The hand Wheel 68 may be progressively actuated te move the work into contact with the cutting wheel |36, and a suitable stop may be provided to limit the movement of the Work at the desired point.

When the necessary adjustments have been made the cutting wheel I 36 is rotated and the table 52 is oscillated about the axis 13 through a desired angle to cut the end of the tool as indicated. Where no undercut or side clearance is required the tool may be rotated through ninety degrees in each direction from the point when the front of the bit is in contact With the cutting wheel and aligned with the axis of the shaft 138 of the cutting Wheel.

If side clearance is required, the rotatable table 52 may be oscillated beyond the ninety degree point. If desired this clearance can be obtained on opposite sides of the bit. If it is desired to cut the tool with a front radius followed by a substantially straight axial portion as illustrated at I3 in Fig. 1, one of the slides may be actuated on its'associated Ways to insure movement of the bit or other element along the cutting surface of the cutting Wheel 136 to effect the desired result. The rotatable table 52 may be provided with a geared segment 150 actuated by a pinion 452 controlled by a handle l54 to effect the desired oscillation of the table.

I claim:

1. A grinder for shaping a member having angularly disposed Walls of the same or different angular inclinations interconnected by 'true radial surfaces comprising a Work holding fixture, a base, a member superimposed on the base, connecting means between said base and member whereby the angular relation of the member relative to the base may be varied, a slide movable longitudinally of said member, a rotatable member mounted on the slide, means to oscillate the rotatable member relative to the slide, vertically spaced angularly adjustable members interposed between the rotatable member and the Work holding fixture to vary the angular inclination of the work holding xture in intersecting planes relative to the rotatable member, a slide interposed between the angularly adjustable members and the rotatable member to vary the horizontal position of the angularly adjustable members, and a cutting Wheel positioned to engage a piece of work carriedby the Work holding xture.

2. A grinder for shaping tool bits having front and side cutting surfaces defined by clearance walls of any desired angular inclinations interconnected by true radial surfaces comprising a cutting tool, a tool bit, a base, a member mounted on the base, means to vary the angular relation of said member on the base to vary the angular inclination of the side clearance Walls, a 'slide mounted on said member to Vary the arc of the radial surfaces interconnecting the side clearance Walls, a rotatable table mounted on the 4slide to form the radial surfaces, a slide mounted on the rotatable table to move the tool bit into engagement with the cutting tool, a front angle adjusting member mounted on the last named slide, means to vary the angular relation of the front anglel adjusting member relative to the last named slide, a side angle equalizing member mounted on the front angle adjusting member,

40 means to vary the angular relation of the side angle equalizing member relative to the front angle adjusting member, and means to clamp the tool bit to the side angle equalizing member.

ALOYSIOUS P. POLLARD. 

